This open access book presents new approaches for researching values as they are performed or materialized. Values have been an important topic in academic literature for a long time; they are at the core of institutional theories and are often connected to ideals in organisations or ways of valuing. The various values-constructs are typically highlighted to underpin discussions of identity, et…
The phenomenon of commitment is a cornerstone of human social life. Commitments make individuals’ behavior predictable, thereby facilitating the planning and coordination of joint actions involving multiple agents. Moreover, commitments make people willing to rely upon each other, and thereby contribute to sustaining characteristically human social institutions such as jobs, money, government…
For over 80 years, the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE) has been a leader in the promotion of ethical practice within the field of engineering. One of the Society’s greatest contributions is the formation and adoption of the NSPE Code of Ethics. But the code, with its six "Fundamental Canons," is only truly instructive if engineers can bridge the gap between principles and ac…
Debating Humanity explores sociological and philosophical efforts to delineate key features of humanity that identify us as members of the human species. After challenging the normative contradictions of contemporary posthumanism, this book goes back to the foundational debate on humanism between Jean-Paul Sartre and Martin Heidegger in the 1940s and then re-assesses the implicit and expli…
What is the role of the environment, and of the information it provides, in cognition? More specifically, may there be a role for certain artefacts to play in this context? These are questions that motivate “4E” theories of cognition (as being embodied, embedded, extended, enactive). In his take on that family of views, Hajo Greif first defends and refines a concept of information as primar…
Creativity is getting new attention in today’s America––along the way revealing fault lines in U.S. culture. Surveys show people overwhelmingly seeing creativity as both a desirable trait and a work enhancement, yet most say they just aren’t creative. Like beauty and wealth, creativity seems universally desired but insufficiently possessed. Businesses likewise see innovation as essentia…
This open access book revises Kant’s ethical thought in one of its most notorious respects: its exclusion of animals from moral consideration. The book gives readers in animal ethics an accessible introduction to Kant’s views on our duties to others, and his view that we have only ‘indirect’ duties regarding animals. It then investigates how one would have to depart from Kant in order t…
Pancasila berasal dari kristalisasi budaya tradisional Indonesia. Di era Orde Baru, Pancasila ditetapkan sebagai dasar berpikir dan bertindak setelah disederhanakan ke dalam bentuk norma untuk mewujudkan tatanan masyarakat selaras, serasi, dan seimbang. Melalui penyederhanaan rumusan Pancasila dan pendidikan Pedoman Penghayatan dan Pengamalan Pancasila (P4), secara nasional Pancasila dinyatakan…
Masyarakat Jawa memiliki sistem kalender khusus sebagai pedoman masa bercocok tanam dan menangkap ikan yang dikenal dengan pranata mangsa. Pengetahuan lokal ini penuh dengan kearifan dalam membaca tanda-tanda alam, seperti letak matahari, arah angin, cuaca, serta perilaku hewan dan tumbuhan. Lalu bagaimana pranata mangsa ini ditinjau dari aspek sains? Buku ini mengupas hal-hal yang berkaitan…
Trauma presents as a negative experience or situation of an individual in which coping mechanisms do not always work perfectly. This leads to the appearance of disturbing behavior, thinking, or developing disorders in the area of mental illnesses. Psychological trauma is related to chronic and repetitive experiences and the term and situation that refer to it must be consider objectively becaus…